This is an advanced text and research monograph on groups acting on low-dimensional toplogical spaces, and for the most part the viewpoint is algebraic. Much of the book occurs at the one-dimensional level, where the topology becomes graph theory. Here the treatment includes several of the standard results on groups acting on trees, as well as many original results on ends of groups and Boolean rings of graphs. Two-dimensional topics include the characterization of Poincare duality groups and accessibility of almost finitely presented groups. The main Three-dimensional topics are the equivariant loop and sphere theorems. The prerequisites grow as the book progresses up the dimensions. A familiarity with group theory is sufficient background for at least the first third of the book, while the later chapters occasionally state without proof and then apply various facts normally found in one-year courses on homological algebra and algebraic topology.