Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- About the IAHR Book Series -- Editors Biography Volume II -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Preface and Contributions -- List of Contributing Authors Vol. II -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Book Overview -- 1.2 The Role of Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques -- 1.3 Approach -- 1.4 Structure of Volume II -- References -- 2. Flow Visualization -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Fundamentals -- 2.2.1 The physics of flow tracking with tracers -- 2.2.2 Flow lines -- 2.2.3 Optical considerations and imaging hardware -- 2.3 Flow Visualization Techniques -- 2.3.1 Flow visualization with aqueous tracers -- 2.3.1.1 Dyes and other aqueous flow tracers -- 2.3.1.2 Aqueous tracer injection and imaging -- 2.3.1.3 Quantitative concentration measurements using laser-induced fluorescence -- 2.3.2 Flow visualization with discrete particles -- 2.3.2.1 Visualization of particle trajectories -- 2.3.2.2 Hydrogen bubble visualization -- 2.4 Visualization of Flows Near Solid Surfaces -- 2.5 Understanding Flow Topology from Flow Visualization Data -- 2.5.1 Vortex topology -- 2.5.2 Critical point theory -- 2.A Appendix -- 2.A.1 Summary and specifications for pulsed and continuous lasers -- References -- 3. Velocity -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Acoustic Backscattering Instruments (ABIs) for Fine-Scale Flow Measurements -- 3.2.1 Introduction -- 3.2.2 Principles of Acoustic Backscattering Instruments -- 3.2.2.1 Backscattering -- 3.2.2.2 Doppler shift frequency -- 3.2.3 Instrument types -- 3.2.3.1 Monostatic instruments -- 3.2.3.1.1 Monostatic profiler -- 3.2.3.2 Multistatic instruments -- 3.2.3.2.1 Operating principle of multistatic instruments -- 3.2.3.3 Point measurement instruments (ADVs) -- 3.2.3.3.1 Three-receiver configuration -- 3.2.3.3.2 Four-receiver configuration -- 3.2.3.4 Acoustic Doppler Velocity Profiler (ADVP)