An introduction to pH Measurement : estimating the degree of purity of snow; Measuring soil pH; Introduction to ion chromatography -- Introduction to the visible spectrophotometer -- Visible spectrophotometric determination of trace levels of iron in groundwater -- Spectrophotometric determination of phosphorus in eutrophicated surface water -- Determination of anionic surfactants by mini-liquid-liquid extraction (MINI-LLE) in an industrial wastewater effluent using ion pairing with methylene blue -- Comparison of ultraviolet and infrared absorption spectra of chemically similar organic compounds -- Determination of oil and grease and of total petroleum hydrocarbons in wastewater via reversed-phase solid-phase extraction techniques (RP-SPE) and quantitative Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy -- Determination of the degree of hardness in various sources of groundwater using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy -- Determination of lead in drinking water using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAA) : external standard vs. standard addition calibration mode -- A comparison of soil types via a quantitative determination of the chromium content using visible spectrophotometry and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy or inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry -- Data acquisition and instrument control using the Turbochrom chromatography software. an introduction to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) : evaluating those experimental parameters that influence separations -- Identifying the ubiquitous phthalate esters in the environment using HPLC, photodiode array detection, and confirmation by GC-MS -- An introduction to gas chromatography : evaluating experimental parameters that influence gas chromatographic performance -- Screening for the presence of BTEX in wastewater using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and gas chromatography : screening for THMs in chlorine-disinfected drinking water using static headspace (HS) gas chromatography -- Determination of priority pollutant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in gasoline-contaminated groundwater using static headspace (HS) and solid-phase microextraction headspace (SPME-HS) and gas chromatography -- Determination of the herbicide residue Trifluralin in chemically treated lawn soil by gas chromatography using reversed-phase solid-phase extraction (RP-SPE) sample prep techniques -- Determination of priority pollutant semivolatile organochlorine pesticides : a comparison of mini-liquid-liquid and reversed-phase solid-phase extraction techniques -- Determination of priority pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in contaminated soil using RPHPLC-PDA with wavelength programming -- Determination of inorganic anions using ion chromatography (IC) : anion exchange IC with suppressed conductivity detection.