Threats to fungi and fungal diversity throughout the world have prompted debates as to how fungi can be conserved. Should it be the site, habitat, or host that is conserved? All of these issues are addressed in this volume, but coverage goes beyond mere debate with constructive guidance for management of nature in ways beneficial to fungi. Different parts of the world experience different problems and a range of examples are presented: from Finland in the North to Kenya in the South, Washington State, USA in the West to Fujian Province, China in the East.