The Java Fundamental Classes Reference provides complete reference documentation on the core Java 1.1 classes. These classes contain architecture-independent methods that serve as Java's gateway to the real world by providing access to resources such as the network and the host filesystem. The core classes also include utilities for working with strings, I/O streams, mathematical functions, vectors, and hashtables. The Java Fundamental Classes Reference covers the classes that comprise the java.lang, java.io, java.net, java.util, java.text, java.math, java.lang.reflect, and java.util.zip packages. These classes provide general-purpose functionality that is fundamental to every Java application. This edition of the Java Fundamental Classes Reference describes Version 1.1 of the Java Development Kit.